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© 2026 NutriFit. All rights reserved.Version 1.3.0· 2025–2026
Courses

Molecular Biology and Biochemistry

A structured course for professionals, covering chemical foundations and cellular organization through metabolism, physiology, and the interpretation of scientific data. Start with the first section, or use the syllabus to find a module or a specific lesson. Materials become available as they are published.

Section
16
Module
227
Lesson
2469
NutriFit Editorial TeamCurriculum updated: October 12, 2026© 2026 NutriFit
DNA double helix, protein and cell membrane — course cover

Course curriculum

Lessons found: 2469

Section 9. Research Design, Data Organization, and Bioinformatics Foundations
Module 160. Designing Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Studies
  1. Lesson 1751.Research questions and testable hypothesesAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1752.Exploratory and confirmatory researchAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1753.Observational, experimental, and longitudinal designsAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1754.Control groups, randomization, and blindingAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1755.The experimental unit; biological and technical replicatesAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1756.Endpoints, sample size, and a prespecified analysis planAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1757.Confounders, biases, and causal diagramsAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1758.Planning the allocation of samples across analytical batchesAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 1759.Preregistration, ethics review, and informed consentAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 1760.Biomarker discovery and independent confirmation of findingsAvailable after publication
Module 161. Computational Foundations for Biomedical Data
  1. Lesson 1761.Numerical, categorical, ordinal, and temporal dataAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1762.Vectors, matrices, and multidimensional feature setsAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1763.Logarithmic scales and transformations of biological measurementsAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1764.R and Python fundamentals for data analysisAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1765.Tables, variable types, and data merging operationsAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1766.The command line and organization of computational projectsAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1767.Plots of distributions, relationships, and changes over timeAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1768.Software libraries, computational environments, and documentationAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 1769.Reproducible analysis and the concept of a computational workflowAvailable after publication
Module 162. Biological Databases and Molecular Annotations
  1. Lesson 1770.Identifiers, feature dictionaries, and study metadataAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1771.Reference genomes, assemblies, transcripts, and coordinate systemsAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1772.GenBank, RefSeq, and Ensembl: record types and applicationsAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1773.UniProt, protein families, domains, and functional annotationsAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1774.GEO, BioStudies, and gene expression data archivesAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1775.Sequence archives and raw sequencing data repositoriesAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1776.MetaboLights, PRIDE, and specialized omics repositoriesAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1777.PDB and databases of experimentally determined biomolecular structuresAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 1778.Ontologies, controlled vocabularies, and links between database recordsAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 1779.Annotation versions, data provenance, and record quality assessmentAvailable after publication
Module 163. Bioinformatics of Sequences and Genomic Data
  1. Lesson 1780.FASTA, FASTQ, SAM/BAM/CRAM, VCF, and tabular annotation formatsAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1781.Read quality and sources of sequencing errorsAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1782.Sequence similarity searches and BLAST principlesAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1783.Pairwise and multiple sequence alignmentAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1784.Homology, orthology, paralogy, and limits of functional inferenceAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1785.Reference mapping and sequence assemblyAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1786.Genome assembly, repetitive sequences, and ambiguous regionsAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1787.Genomic coordinates, transcript selection, and normalization of variant descriptionsAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 1788.Genome browsers and visual assessment of molecular dataAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 1789.Sample quality control, contamination, and metadata consistencyAvailable after publication
Module 164. Data Quality and Reproducible Computing
  1. Lesson 1790.Organization of raw, processed, and final dataAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1791.Sample traceability and preservation of links between measurements and metadataAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1792.Checking data types, value ranges, units, and duplicatesAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1793.Missing data, censored values, and analytical detection limitsAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1794.Principles of data filtering, normalization, and transformationAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1795.Batch effects and technical variabilityAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1796.Separating exploratory and confirmatory analytical decisionsAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1797.Versioning of data, code, and computational environmentsAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 1798.FAIR principles, licenses, data availability, and reuseAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 1799.Confidentiality, access control, and management of sensitive dataAvailable after publication
Section 10. Metabolomics: Analytical Profiles and Interpretation
Module 165. Foundations of Metabolomics Research
  1. Lesson 1800.The metabolome, metabolic phenotype, and metabolite pool sizesAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1801.Targeted, untargeted, and semitargeted metabolomicsAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1802.Selecting a research question and specimen typeAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1803.Metabolome coverage and analytical platform limitationsAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1804.Metabolic fingerprints and quantitative profilesAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1805.Research platforms and clinical laboratory testsAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1806.Clinical, nutritional, cellular, and population metabolomics studiesAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1807.Connections between metabolomics and other molecular layersAvailable after publication
Module 166. Preanalytical Factors and Quality in Metabolomics Studies
  1. Lesson 1808.Preanalytical handling of blood, urine, stool, cerebrospinal fluid, and tissue samplesAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1809.Diet, fasting, exercise, and time of dayAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1810.Medications and supplements as sources of metabolites and interferenceAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1811.Liver and kidney function as modifiers of the metabolomic profileAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1812.Quenching cellular metabolism and preserving sample integrityAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1813.Storage, transport, and freeze–thaw cyclesAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1814.Extraction of polar and nonpolar compoundsAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1815.Derivatization and the effects of sample preparation on resultsAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 1816.Batch design, pooled quality control samples, and randomized measurement orderAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 1817.Blanks, carryover, and contaminationAvailable after publication
  11. Lesson 1818.Analytical platform stability and interlaboratory comparabilityAvailable after publication
Module 167. Metabolite Identification and Quantification
  1. Lesson 1819.GC–MS, LC–MS/MS, capillary electrophoresis–MS, and NMR in metabolomicsAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1820.Chromatographic peaks, spectral features, isotopes, and adductsAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1821.Isomers, fragmentation, and confirmation of molecular structureAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1822.Confidence levels in metabolite identificationAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1823.Free, bound, and conjugated forms of an analyteAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1824.Calibration and absolute and relative quantificationAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1825.Matrix effects, ion suppression, and internal standardsAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1826.Normalization of urinary measurements and limitations of creatinine correctionAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 1827.Analytical coverage and unidentified featuresAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 1828.HMDB, MetaboLights, and spectral librariesAvailable after publication
  11. Lesson 1829.Metabolite identifier mapping and annotation ambiguityAvailable after publication
Module 168. Organic Acids and Diagnostic Patterns
  1. Lesson 1830.Origins of organic acids in biological samplesAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1831.GC–MS organic acid profilesAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1832.Methylmalonic, propionic, and isovaleric acidemiasAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1833.Other organic acidemias and combinations of diagnostic metabolitesAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1834.Urinary TCA cycle metabolites and their possible sourcesAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1835.Dicarboxylic acids, ketone metabolites, and fatty acid oxidationAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1836.Dietary, medication-related, and microbial influences on the profileAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1837.Specific patterns and nonspecific abnormalitiesAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 1838.Limitations of diagnosing vitamin deficiencies using organic acidsAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 1839.Intermittent changes and sample collection timingAvailable after publication
  11. Lesson 1840.Confirmation of findings using biochemical, enzymatic, and genetic methodsAvailable after publication
Module 169. Amino Acid, Neurotransmitter, and Acylcarnitine Profiles
  1. Lesson 1841.Quantification of amino acids in plasma, urine, and cerebrospinal fluidAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1842.Dietary, age-related, and organ-related influences on the amino acid profileAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1843.BCAAs, branched-chain keto acids, and associated diagnostic ratiosAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1844.Phenylalanine, tyrosine, and pterin measurementsAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1845.Kynurenines and tryptophan metabolite ratiosAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1846.Monoamine metabolites and selection of the appropriate specimenAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1847.Medication effects and limitations of peripheral neurotransmitter measurementsAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1848.Free carnitine, total carnitine, and acylcarnitinesAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 1849.Acylcarnitine profiles in fatty acid oxidation disorders and organic acidemiasAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 1850.Integrated assessment of amino acids, organic acids, and acylcarnitinesAvailable after publication
Module 170. Lipidomics and Fatty Acid Profiles
  1. Lesson 1851.Lipid classes and levels of structural detail in lipidomics resultsAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1852.Plasma and erythrocyte fatty acid profilesAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1853.The omega-3 index: measurement, variability, and clinical interpretationAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1854.Quantitative lipidomics and class-specific internal standardsAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1855.Phospholipids, sphingolipids, ceramides, and neutral lipidsAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1856.Lipid isomerism and annotation limitationsAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1857.Oxylipins and low-abundance lipid mediatorsAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1858.Preanalytical oxidation and enzymatic changes in lipidsAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 1859.Lipidomic features and the routine lipid profileAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 1860.Functional hypotheses, risk biomarkers, and grounds for interventionAvailable after publication
Module 171. Steroidomics and Bile Acid Profiles
  1. Lesson 1861.Specimen selection for steroid studiesAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1862.Steroids and their free and conjugated metabolitesAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1863.Mass spectrometric and immunological methodsAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1864.Steroid profiles in inherited steroidogenesis disordersAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1865.Effects of age, menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and medicationsAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1866.Urinary estrogens and their hydroxylated and methoxylated metabolitesAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1867.Metabolite ratios and intermethod comparabilityAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1868.Primary and secondary bile acid profilesAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 1869.Differences between serum, urinary, and fecal bile acidsAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 1870.Clinical validity and limitations of interpreting commercial steroid panelsAvailable after publication
Module 172. Interpreting a Metabolomics Report
  1. Lesson 1871.Raw data quality and the reliability of individual findingsAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1872.Compartmentalization and tissue specificity of metabolismAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1873.Metabolite concentration, pool size, and metabolic fluxAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1874.Stable concentrations despite altered metabolic fluxAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1875.Isolated abnormalities and interconnected patternsAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1876.Free metabolites, conjugates, and isomer-specific interpretationAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1877.Assessing the effects of liver, kidney, and other organ functionAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1878.Comparison with routine laboratory investigationsAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 1879.Alternative explanations and confirmatory investigationsAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 1880.Longitudinal monitoring and the significance of changes in the metabolomic profileAvailable after publication
  11. Lesson 1881.Commercial interpretations of metabolomics and critical appraisal of the evidenceAvailable after publication
Section 11. The Microbiome, Microbial Metabolites, and the Intestinal Barrier
Module 173. The Human Microbiome and Community Ecology
  1. Lesson 1882.Microbiota, the microbiome, mycobiome, virome, and archaeaAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1883.Microbial communities at different anatomical sitesAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1884.Microbiota development and age-related changesAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1885.Ecological niches, resilience, and functional redundancyAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1886.Colonization resistance and interactions between microbesAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1887.Effects of diet, medications, and environmental factorsAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1888.Biofilms and the spatial organization of communitiesAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1889.Microbial composition, community function, and diseaseAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 1890.Individual variability and the limits of the concept of a “normal microbiome”Available after publication
Module 174. Molecular Methods for Microbiome Research
  1. Lesson 1891.Preanalytical factors in microbiome studies and contamination controlAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1892.16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencingAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1893.Fungal ITS sequencingAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1894.Shotgun metagenomicsAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1895.Metatranscriptomics and metaproteomicsAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1896.Culture-based methods and culturomicsAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1897.Targeted PCR and the distinction between pathogen detection and community profilingAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1898.Alpha and beta diversityAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 1899.Relative and absolute abundance and the compositional nature of dataAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 1900.Taxonomic resolution, reference databases, and unidentified sequencesAvailable after publication
  11. Lesson 1901.Community functional potential and measurement of its activityAvailable after publication
  12. Lesson 1902.Microbiome and metabolomics data within a single studyAvailable after publication
Module 175. Fermentation and Short-Chain Fatty Acids
  1. Lesson 1903.Saccharolytic and proteolytic fermentationAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1904.Dietary fiber and substrates available to microbesAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1905.Acetate: production pathways and metabolic connectionsAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1906.Propionate: production pathways and metabolic connectionsAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1907.Butyrate: production pathways and metabolic connectionsAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1908.Branched-chain short-chain fatty acidsAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1909.Lactate, succinate, and cross-feeding between microbesAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1910.Uptake and utilization of SCFAs by the intestinal epitheliumAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 1911.Production rates, absorption, and fecal SCFA concentrationsAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 1912.Receptor-mediated and epigenetic effects of short-chain fatty acidsAvailable after publication
  11. Lesson 1913.Analytical methods and preanalytical factors for SCFAsAvailable after publication
Module 176. Aromatic, Nitrogenous, and Sulfur-Containing Microbial Metabolites
  1. Lesson 1914.Microbial tryptophan metabolism and indole compoundsAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1915.Phenols and aromatic organic acidsAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1916.Biogenic amines and microbial histidine metabolismAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1917.Ammonia and microbial nitrogen metabolismAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1918.Sulfur-containing microbial metabolitesAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1919.TMA: dietary precursors and microbial pathwaysAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1920.TMAO: hepatic production, dietary sources, and renal excretionAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1921.Primary and secondary bile acids in microbial interactionsAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 1922.Bacterial, fungal, and clostridial sources of metabolitesAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 1923.Metabolite specificity for a microorganism and evidence of its originAvailable after publication
  11. Lesson 1924.Metabolic associations, causality, and clinical utility of microbial measurementsAvailable after publication
Module 177. Critical Appraisal of Microbiome and Metabolite Tests
  1. Lesson 1925.Osipov’s GC–MS microbial marker method: principles and measured featuresAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1926.GC–MS microbial marker analysis: analytical reproducibility and taxonomic inferenceAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1927.Ardatskaya’s biochemical stool analysis: principles and measured metabolitesAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1928.Biochemical stool analysis: preanalytical factors and interpretive limitationsAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1929.Comparison of metabolite-based, culture-based, and sequencing methodsAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1930.Colonization, microbial presence, and infectionAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1931.Fungal metabolites and confirmation of a clinically significant sourceAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1932.Clostridial metabolites and the distinction between ecological and infectious questionsAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 1933.“Dysbiosis,” microbiome indices, and clinical validation criteriaAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 1934.Interlaboratory comparability of commercial microbiome reportsAvailable after publication
  11. Lesson 1935.Limits of personalized recommendations based on microbiome composition and metabolitesAvailable after publication
Module 178. The Intestinal Barrier and Methods for Assessing Permeability
  1. Lesson 1936.Mucus, the epithelium, tight junctions, and local immunityAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1937.Mucins and interactions between the mucus layer and microorganismsAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1938.Paracellular and transcellular transportAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1939.Physiological regulation of intestinal permeabilityAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1940.Intestinal permeability in inflammation and epithelial injuryAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1941.The lactulose–mannitol testAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1942.Other multisugar and functional methodsAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1943.Renal excretion and other modifiers of permeability test resultsAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 1944.Zonulin: analyte identity and assay specificityAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 1945.Markers of inflammation and epithelial injury and their distinction from permeability measurementsAvailable after publication
  11. Lesson 1946.Research barrier tests and clinical validationAvailable after publication
Module 179. Interactions of the Microbiota with Organs and the Immune System
  1. Lesson 1947.The intestinal immune system and microbial signalsAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1948.Microbial molecules and innate immune receptorsAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1949.Immune tolerance and microbiota-derived metabolitesAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1950.The gut–liver axisAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1951.The gut–brain axisAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1952.Metabolic interactions between the gut and kidneysAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1953.The microbiota and adipose tissueAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1954.The microbiota, circadian rhythms, and eating behaviorAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 1955.Tissue availability of microbial metabolitesAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 1956.Experimental models and limits of causal inferenceAvailable after publication
Module 180. Microbiome Interventions and Assessment of Their Outcomes
  1. Lesson 1957.Probiotics and strain specificityAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1958.Prebiotics and fermentable substratesAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1959.SynbioticsAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1960.Postbiotics and characterization of the composition under studyAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1961.Dietary interventions and changes in microbial functionsAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1962.Fecal microbiota transplantation and other microbiome platforms: principles and clinical applicationsAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1963.Changes in communities, changes in metabolites, and clinical outcomesAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1964.Persistence of effects and individual variability in responsesAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 1965.Study design for microbiome interventionsAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 1966.Assessment of efficacy, reproducibility, and clinical applicabilityAvailable after publication
Section 12. Genomics, Epigenomics, Transcriptomics, and Proteomics
Module 181. Comparative, Population, and Evolutionary Genomics
  1. Lesson 1967.Genome organization across groups of organismsAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1968.Sequence comparison, synteny, and conserved regionsAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1969.Origins of gene families, gene duplication, and gene lossAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1970.Molecular evolution, natural selection, and genetic driftAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1971.Allele frequencies, population structure, and genetic diversityAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1972.Genetic ancestry and limitations of its use in medicineAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1973.Pangenomes and the limitations of a single reference genomeAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1974.Phylogenetic trees and uncertainty in evolutionary reconstructionsAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 1975.GWAS, linkage disequilibrium, and identification of trait-associated lociAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 1976.Polygenic risk scores and transferability across populationsAvailable after publication
Module 182. Genomic Analysis and Interpretation of Genetic Variants
  1. Lesson 1977.Germline and somatic variants in different diagnostic contextsAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1978.Detection of single-nucleotide and structural variantsAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1979.Annotation of functional consequences and genotype–phenotype relationshipsAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1980.Coverage quality, challenging regions, and residual risk after a negative resultAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1981.Family segregation and comparison with the biochemical phenotypeAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1982.ACMG/AMP classification and variants of uncertain significanceAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1983.ClinVar, ClinGen, and assessment of the provenance of genetic evidenceAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1984.Clinical significance and oncogenicity of somatic variantsAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 1985.Functional investigation of variants and independent confirmation of hypothesesAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 1986.Variant reclassification and updated interpretationAvailable after publication
  11. Lesson 1987.Incidental findings, implications for families, and genetic counselingAvailable after publication
Module 183. Pharmacogenomics and Individual Drug Response
  1. Lesson 1988.Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics: scope and distinctionsAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1989.Genetic variants in drug-metabolizing enzymesAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 1990.Transporters, molecular targets, and response variabilityAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 1991.Genetic and nongenetic determinants of individual drug responseAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 1992.Interactions among genes, age, biological sex, and environmental factorsAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 1993.Molecular associations and testing the efficacy of personalized interventionsAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 1994.Clinical validity and utility of genetically guided recommendationsAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 1995.Critical appraisal of commercial genetic reportsAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 1996.Genotype, haplotype, diplotype, and prediction of metabolic phenotypeAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 1997.Genetic prediction and the effects of concomitant medicationsAvailable after publication
Module 184. Epigenomics and the Spatial Organization of Chromatin
  1. Lesson 1998.Epigenomic profiles and their dependence on cell typeAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 1999.Methods for measuring DNA methylation: measurement targets and limitationsAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 2000.Investigating histone modifications and regulatory protein bindingAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 2001.ChIP-seq, CUT&RUN, and CUT&Tag: principles and data typesAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 2002.ATAC-seq and other approaches to assessing chromatin accessibilityAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 2003.3C-based methods and mapping of genomic contactsAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 2004.Joint interpretation of methylation, accessibility, and expressionAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 2005.Cellular heterogeneity, batch effects, and selection of states for comparisonAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 2006.Epigenetic clocks and limitations of biological age estimatesAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 2007.Epigenomic associations, reverse causation, and clinical validationAvailable after publication
Module 185. Transcriptomics and Quantitative Analysis of Gene Expression
  1. Lesson 2008.The transcriptome, RNA types, and analytical platform coverageAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 2009.RNA-seq and expression microarraysAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 2010.Sequencing depth, transcriptome complexity, and dynamic rangeAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 2011.Read mapping and quantification of genes and transcriptsAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 2012.Normalization and selection of models for expression comparisonsAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 2013.Differential expression and false discovery controlAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 2014.Alternative splicing, isoforms, and fusion transcriptsAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 2015.Small and long noncoding RNAs in transcriptomic studiesAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 2016.Tissue, cell composition, time, and RNA quality as sources of variabilityAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 2017.Expression signatures and independent validation of findingsAvailable after publication
Module 186. Proteomics and Quantitative Protein Analysis
  1. Lesson 2018.The proteome, proteoforms, and their relationship to the transcriptomeAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 2019.Bottom-up, middle-down, and top-down strategiesAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 2020.Mass spectrometric identification of peptides and proteinsAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 2021.Searching spectral libraries and sequence databasesAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 2022.False identification control and ambiguity in protein inferenceAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 2023.Label-based and label-free quantification methodsAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 2024.Targeted and untargeted proteomicsAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 2025.Proteome coverage, dynamic range, and technical variabilityAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 2026.Normalization, group comparisons, and confirmation of differentially abundant proteinsAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 2027.Protein biomarkers and the transition from research signatures to measurement assaysAvailable after publication
Module 187. Protein Modifications, Glycomics, and Interactomics
  1. Lesson 2028.Post-translational modifications and the multiplicity of protein statesAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 2029.Phosphoproteomics and assessment of signaling system activityAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 2030.Ubiquitinomics, acetylomics, and other specialized approachesAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 2031.Glycomics and glycoproteomics: distinctions between research targetsAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 2032.Glycan structural diversity and annotation challengesAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 2033.Protein complexes and interaction mappingAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 2034.Direct binding, co-occurrence, and functional relationshipsAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 2035.Affinity-based methods, proximity-based methods, and orthogonal confirmationAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 2036.Cellular context and the dynamics of protein interactionsAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 2037.Integrating modifications, localization, and interactions into a functional modelAvailable after publication
Module 188. Structural Biology and Experimental Molecular Biophysics
  1. Lesson 2038.Relationships among primary sequence, structure, dynamics, and functionAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 2039.X-ray crystallography: diffraction data and structural modelsAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 2040.Macromolecular nuclear magnetic resonance and conformational dynamicsAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 2041.Cryo-electron microscopy and cryo-electron tomographyAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 2042.Small-angle scattering and molecular shapes in solutionAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 2043.Spectroscopic and calorimetric methods for assessing structure and stabilityAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 2044.Measuring molecular binding: SPR, BLI, ITC, and MSTAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 2045.Resolution, coverage, uncertainty, and validation of structural modelsAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 2046.Structure prediction, molecular dynamics, and limitations of computational modelsAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 2047.Integrative structural biology and reconciliation of independent methodsAvailable after publication
Module 189. Single-Cell and Single-Nucleus Omics Studies
  1. Lesson 2048.Tissue heterogeneity and limitations of averaged measurementsAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 2049.Single-cell and single-nucleus transcriptomicsAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 2050.Single-cell genomics, epigenomics, and proteomicsAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 2051.Multimodal measurement of molecular features in individual cellsAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 2052.Cell and nucleus quality, doublets, and ambient RNAAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 2053.Data sparsity, normalization, and batch integrationAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 2054.Cell types, cell states, and annotation principlesAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 2055.Rare populations, compositional effects, and selection of the statistical unit of analysisAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 2056.Cellular trajectories, pseudotime, and limits of inference about the direction of changeAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 2057.Confirmation of single-cell findings using independent dataAvailable after publication
Module 190. Spatial Omics Methods and Molecular Tissue Atlases
  1. Lesson 2058.Spatial location as part of the molecular phenotypeAvailable after publication
  2. Lesson 2059.Spatial transcriptomics and its main platform classesAvailable after publication
  3. Lesson 2060.Spatial proteomics and multiplexed imagingAvailable after publication
  4. Lesson 2061.Mass spectrometry imaging of metabolites and lipidsAvailable after publication
  5. Lesson 2062.Resolution, coverage, and trade-offs in spatial measurementAvailable after publication
  6. Lesson 2063.Cell segmentation and alignment with morphologyAvailable after publication
  7. Lesson 2064.Cellular neighborhoods, tissue niches, and intercellular interactionsAvailable after publication
  8. Lesson 2065.Integration of spatial and single-cell dataAvailable after publication
  9. Lesson 2066.Tissue atlases, annotation transfer, and sample representativenessAvailable after publication
  10. Lesson 2067.Spatial disease signatures and requirements for confirmationAvailable after publication
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